September 20, 2004

Thoughts on a liberal education (#16)

Since our first meeting this summer, I have been pondering this question, “What should a Furman student know and be upon graduation? It seems to me that an answer to this question should capture the essence of a liberal arts education. After identifying some of what I believe are the defining values and principles of a sound liberal arts education, I will offer suggestions for a curriculum based on such values and principles. As you will see, these are rough, initial ramblings!

Values and Principles

Understanding and Tolerance

Our students enter Furman as a fairly homogeneous bunch. I suspect that few have had their religious, social, or economic values and beliefs challenged by an educational experience or by any other experience. If asked, I’m sure that they would consider themselves understanding and tolerant of others. I’m also sure that much of this tolerance and understanding is superficial “political correctness” that lacks substance. This is not a criticism of the Furman student, but rather a statement about the average eighteen-year-old, upper-middle-class American. Given this assumption, I argue that a liberal education should expose students to a variety of other cultures, values, and belief systems. Study of other cultures should encompass historical, religious, social, economic, scientific and political perspectives. The objective would be to create (per Nussbaum) “world citizens” who have knowledge of viewpoints other than their own.

Responsibility to Society

A Furman education should instill the belief that educated world citizens have the duty to improve the quality of their immediate communities as well as the planet at large. I am inspired by John Muir who said, “Most people are on the world, not in it – have no conscious sympathy or relationship to anything about them – undiffused, separate, and rigidly alone like marbles of polished stone, touching but separate.” So our students must begin to view their roles in the planetary “web of life.” And, as homo sapiens, they must begin learning the importance of compassion, respect and empathy in a civilized society. This goal seems to me as important as learning facts and figures. However, classroom exposure to issues, problems, and concerns facing mankind may be too passive an approach to encourage a life of caring service. Some sort of immersion experience may be required to achieve this objective (more about this later).

Passion for Lifelong Learning

Graduates should appreciate that a great benefit of an undergraduate education is that it prepares them for lifelong learning. An undergraduate education should leave more questions unanswered than answered. At the same time, it should inspire the confidence to search for answers. Exposure to, and tolerance of differing viewpoints, critical analysis of arguments, effective communication, skill to discern the important from the unimportant, and a passion for knowledge and discovery are probably some key elements in creating graduates who desire a lifetime of learning.

Curriculum

A strong general education core, designed to incorporate the values and principles noted above, would benefit from the addition of two seminars. The first would be in the freshman year and would be taught as an interdisciplinary year-long course. It would be designed to expose students to important issues. The issues would be chosen by the faculty teaching the course and would be approached from a variety of perspectives (e.g., historical, political, religious, economic, and scientific). Panel discussions, group discussions, and debates among the faculty teaching the course would provide an outstanding model for student learning. Further, divergent opinions within each topic’s dimensions, e.g., its economic attributes, should be encouraged. This approach would better highlight the complexity of most issues better than the single-subject approach. It would begin the process of teaching students to think in a multi-dimensional manner. And finally, it would provide a way for faculty to model critical analysis. It is often difficult to do this when teaching unopposed from one’s own point of view. This seminar would be somewhat similar to the current humanities sequence, but would be required of all freshmen.

The sophomore year seems to be the “lost year”. Students have lost the initial enthusiasm of being college students, yet they aren’t yet immersed in their majors. The sophomore year is one of transition and may be the time to broaden, deepen, and otherwise enhance students’ initial experiences in their coursework. One way to accomplish this would be to create a sophomore year-long seminar. The seminar would be similar to the freshmen seminar in that it would provide a multi-disciplinary approach for the study of important issues. However, the students would be required to engage in critical analysis and discourse – hopefully an easier task after having watched professors do the same in the prior year.

Furman’s current general education curriculum has aspects that I believe should be retained in some form. First, certain courses in the current core, perhaps composition and foreign language among others, should be retained. These courses would provide the necessary foundation of skills and knowledge necessary for “higher thinking”.
Second, the concept of
“engaged learning” is vital – although it would need to be substantially expanded – an immersion experience- to adequately encourage tolerance and responsibility. All students should be required to engage in foreign study or to undertake a community project that is designed to “open their eyes” to other cultures and community concerns. It seems that a student will learn best through such first-hand experiences the feelings that will characterize her as liberally educated person.

Posted by love at September 20, 2004 08:38 AM
Discuss this proposal in the forum, or leave a comment below!

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